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عمومی::
کاتتر اپیدورال
To minimize the likelihood/need for airway manipulation, prophylactic placement of an epidural catheter in patients assessed to have a difficult airway may help avoid airway manipulation and minimize maternal morbidity.
When an epidural catheter is placed for provision of analgesia during labor and delivery or anesthesia for cesarean delivery, it is important to confirm that the catheter is not in an intravas- cular or subarachnoid position.
Because these patients are at high risk of requiring cesarean delivery, early placement of an epidural catheter can be con- sidered to facilitate the use of epidural anesthesia for cesarean delivery and thus avoid the risks of general anesthesia.
Spinal anesthesia (saddle block) or low-dose IV ketamine may provide adequate analgesia if an epidural catheter is not in place.
A properly placed epidural catheter can also help avoid general anesthesia in the case of unplanned cesarean delivery.
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